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Paul Slovic (born 1938 in Chicago) is a professor of psychology at the University of Oregon and the president of Decision Research. Decision Research is a collection of scientists from all over the nation and in other countries that study decision-making in times when risks are involved. He was also the president for the Society of Risk Analysis until 1984. He earned his undergraduate degree at Stanford University in 1959 and his Ph.D. in psychology at the University of Michigan in 1964 and has received honorary doctorates from the Stockholm School of Economics and the University of East Anglia.〔(University of East Anglia Honorary Doctorate Award Ceremony )〕 He is past president of the Society for Risk Analysis and in 1991 received its Distinguished Contribution Award. In 1993, he received the Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award from the American Psychological Association, and in 1995 he received the Outstanding Contribution to Science Award from the Oregon Academy of Science. Dr. Slovic studies human judgment, decision making, and risk perception, and has published extensively on these topics. He is considered, with Baruch Fischhoff, a leading theorist and researcher in the risk perception field (the psychometric paradigm,〔(Abstract Plus )〕 the affect heuristic, and "risk as feeling"〔(Risk as Analysis and Risk as Feelings: Some Thoughts about Affect, Reason, Risk, and Rationality )〕). His most recent work examines “psychic numbing”〔("If I look at the mass I will never act": Psychic numbing and genocide )〕 and the failure to respond to mass human tragedies.〔(Psychic Numbing and Mass Atrocity )〕 ==Major theories== Affect Heuristic - This is the ability to make a quick emotional decision in time of crisis. Slovic says that even if there is a bad situation, if we have positive feelings toward something it lowers people’s perception of risks but enhances their perception of benefits.〔http://faculty.psy.ohio-state.edu/peters/lab/pubs/publications/2002_Slovic_etal_Affect_Heuristic.pdf〕 Slovic contributed towards the psychometric paradigm of risk perception. He found that people usually perceived most activities as having a high risk. He also found that if someone gained pleasure from something they saw the risk level being low. This shows that risk levels can depend on the individual’s personal belief and emotions of a specific risk.〔https://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/chrr/documents/meetings/roundtable/white_papers/slovic_wp.pdf〕 Psychophysical Numbing - This is the idea that people are not as affected by the loss of life depending on how it is presented. Slovic says that people cannot connect on an emotional level when being presented with large numbers.〔http://journal.sjdm.org/7303a/jdm7303a.htm〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Paul Slovic」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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